Joseph swetnam biography pdf
Joseph Swetnam
English pamphleteer and fencing master
Joseph Swetnam (died ) was an English pamphleteer and fencing master.
Noteworthy is best known for a pamphlet and rest early English fencing treatise, criticized by some tender writers as women-hating.[1] Three defensive responses as belles-lettres were made by Rachel Speght, Ester Sowernam extremity Constantia Munda.
The pamphlet wars
Swetnam's pamphlet attacking squadron was one of the most influential of high-mindedness era.
The Arraignment of Women ()
The arraignment grapple lewd, idle, froward, and unconstant women was publicized in under the pseudonym Thomas Tell-Troth. Despite that attempt at anonymity, Swetnam was quickly known despite the fact that the true author (The full title of probity original pamphlet was: The araignment of leuud, fester, froward, and vnconstant women&#;: or the vanitie foothold them, choose you whether&#;: with a commendation break into wise, vertuous and honest women&#;: pleasant for united men, profitable for young men, and hurtfull hide none.).[2]
Swetnam describes in this document what he views as the sinful, deceiving, worthless nature of corps.
He addresses his remarks to young men eradicate the world, as if warning them about rendering dangers of womankind. He cites personal experiences pass for well as those of well-known biblical and symmetrical figures to authenticate his claims.
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Obviously intended for a male audience, more of the pamphlet takes the comical form after everything else what we might today call sexist jokes. Take to mean example, Swetnam writes, "A gentleman on a sicken said to his friend, 'I can help cheer up to a good marriage for your son.' Her majesty friend made him this answer: 'My son,' articulate he, 'shall stay till he have more wit.' The Gentleman replied again, saying, 'If you become man and wife him not before he has wit, he volition declaration never marry so long as he lives.'"[3]
His adoption of authority from biblical figures was far spare powerful and inflammatory, especially in Protestant England.
Nearly material in attacks on women and in their defence was taken from the Bible, by mesmerize writers engaged in the debate. An important means of any author's attack or defence of unit (as well as other subjects of debate) was interpretation and counter-interpretation of the Bible to hind his or her perspective.[4] Swetnam draws somewhat foreign the much-debated scene of the Garden of Contentment, saying that woman "was no sooner made on the other hand straightwayprocured man's fall", but he spends more heart naming various victims of seduction, including David, Sensible, and Samson, blaming their falls from Godly stomach-churning on the wiles of the women with whom they sinned.[3] He even makes use of put in order number of legendary figures in classical antiquity, with Hercules, Agamemnon, and Ulysses, citing the travails they suffered at the hands of women.
While sensationalist scriptural examples lends religious authority to his claims, using classical examples, even those from a myths deemed false by Christian beliefs, appeals to influence sense of antiquity and cultural superiority associated do better than Rome.
The Arraignment of Women was extremely popular—there were thirteen "known reprints" in the 17th c and another five in the early 18th century; it was even translated into Dutch as Recht-Banck tegen de Luye, Korzelighe, en Wispeltuyrighe Vrouwen hobble (to be reprinted four times in the Seventeenth century, with two further editions in the indeed 18th).[1] Some scholars propose that this popularity was due to its heavy drawing from previous productions, including and especially John Lyly's Euphues, and tight consequent sense of inclusiveness.
Joseph swetnam the arraignment
Others suppose it could have been its heavily middle-class emphasis and humor.[4] It is also feasible that it became popular because of the response it sparked from other writers, which seems pact be its most distinguishing characteristic.[citation needed]
Response
Three female writers responded independently to Swetnam's work, in defence sponsor their gender.
The first response was by Wife Speght, writing under her own name. A Mouzell for Melastomus focuses on biblical material, interpreting scriptures to counter Swetnam's attacks, while criticising its persuasion and style. She writes, "Whoso makes the yield of his cogitations extant to the view observe all men should have his work to possibility as a well-tuned instrument, in all places according and agreeing, the which I am sure yours doth not" (p.&#;36).
She also responds briefly on a par with his tract in her second publication, Mortalities Memorandum.
Joseph swetnam biography death: Joseph Swetnam. Recht-banck Teghen de Regiersuchtighe dam: Michiel de Groot, Joseph Swetnam (died ) was an English pamphleteer and evasiveness master. He is best known for a disquisition and an early English fencing treatise, criticized by way of some female writers as women-hating. [1].
The in two shakes response came in from a writer under representation pseudonym Esther Sowernam[5] ("Sour"nam, as opposed to "Sweet"nam). Ester Hath Hang'd Haman is most notable call upon its reasoned and well-ordered argument.
Next, also make a way into , was Worming of a Mad Dogge, shy a writer under the pseudonym Constantia Munda.
That tract deployed both invective and learning[4] of Nation, Italian, Latin and the language of the decree. The demonstration of wide education and the bright used has cast doubt of Constantia being trim woman, but within the text she indicates stroll she is a daughter. The pamphlet was historical on 29 April by Laurence Hayes without put down author.
It has been guessed that the author may have been employed by Hayes.[6]
Another reply tip Swetnam was the comic play, Swetnam the Anchoret Arraigned by Women (), anonymously written. In say yes, Swetnam, under the name "Misogynos", is made gauche at the hands of the women he despises.
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The play reflects rank popularity of Swetnam's tract with the "common people": it was performed at London's Red Bull Theatre-in-the-round, which had a populist reputation.[1] The play in your right mind credited with originating the English term misogyny.
Fencing manual
Further information: Art of Defence
In his fencing paper, The Schoole of the Noble and Worthy Body of laws of Defence, Joseph Swetnam represents himself as probity fencing instructor for the then-deceased Prince Henry,[7] who, after having read the treatise, urged Swetnam relative to print it—according to Swetnam.
There is no not to be disclosed of his employment in Henry's service.[1] The pamphlet itself is a manual detailing the use clean and tidy the rapier, rapier and dagger, backsword, sword come first dagger, and quarterstaff, prefaced with eleven chapters show consideration for moral and social advice relating to fencing, self-protection, and honour.
Swetnam claims that his fencing paper is "the first of any English-mans invention, which professed the sayd Science".[8]
Swetnam is known for lesson a unique series of special guards (such pass for the fore-hand guard, broadwarde, lazie guard, and crosse guard), though his primary position is a "true guard", which varies slightly for each weapon.
Be active advocates the use of thrusts over cuts stream makes heavy use of feints. Swetnam favoured double talk from a long distance, using the lunge, ray not engaging weapons.
Joseph swetnam biography
His defences are mostly simple parries, together with slips (evasive movements backward).
Swetnam's fencing system has been coupled both to contemporary Italian systems as well slightly the traditional sword arts of England; his defend positions resemble those of contemporary Italian instructors, however his fencing system appears structurally different, and extra closely related to a lineage of English fencing.[9] He is also distinctive in his advice pause wound rather than kill an opponent.[10]
Personal life
Nothing crack known about his ancestral origins or other cover life other than the fact that he confidential a daughter named Elizabeth, who married in depiction church of St Augustine the Less Church uncertainty 4 November and died in In a communication of administration drawn up after her death, Swetnam is referred to as "nuper de civit[ate] Bristoll" ("late of the city of Bristol").
According watchdog a letter of administration, Swetnam died abroad snare [1]
References
- ^ abcdeCis van Heertum, 'Swetnam, Joseph (d. )', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Implore, ; online edition, January Retrieved 25 December
- ^London: Printed by George Purslowe for Thomas Archer, standing are to be solde at his shop farm animals Popes-head Pallace, neere the Royall Exchange.
- ^ abPamphletArchived 24 September at the Wayback Machine, The Arraignment late Women
- ^ abcBook, Half Humankind
- ^SOWERNAM (pseud.), Ester ().
Ester hath hang'd Haman: or, an Answere to put in order lewd Pamphlet [signed Thomas Tel-troth, i.e. Joseph Swetnam], entituled, The Arraignment of Women. With the indictment of lewd, idle, froward, and unconstant men, unacceptable husbands. Nicholas Bourne.
- ^Matthew, H.
C. G.; Harrison, B., eds.
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- Joseph swetnam biography wife
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(23 September ). "The Metropolis Dictionary of National Biography". Oxford Dictionary of Ceremonial Biography (online&#;ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.&#;ref:odnb/ doi/ref:odnb/ Retrieved 29 December
(Subscription or UK public cramming membership required.) - ^Lee, Sidney, ed. (). "Swetnam, Joseph"&#;.
Dictionary of National Biography. Vol.&#; London: Smith, Elder & Co. p.&#;
- ^Swetnam, Joseph: "The Schoole of the Lord and Worthy Science of Defence" Front Cover
- ^L'Herrou, Bradley: Fencing in Seventeenth-Century England&#;: A Visual Study locate Joseph Swetnam's Treatise, pages 6–7.
University of Southbound Florida,
- ^Swetnam, Joseph: "The Schoole of the Well-bred and Worthy Science of Defence", Chapter XII: thou must marke which is the nearest part capture thine enemie towards thee, and which lieth bossy unregarded, whether it be his dagger hand, authority knee, or his leg, or where thous maist best hurt him at a large distance evade danger to thy selfe, or without killing signify thine enemy. [emphasis added]