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United States Army general and Democratic Party statesmanlike candidate

This article is about the United States Flock general and presidential candidate. For the computer someone, see Wesley A. Clark.

Wesley Kanne Clark (born Wesley J. Kanne, 23 December ) is a remote United States Army officer.

He graduated as student of the class of at West Point countryside was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship to the Tradition of Oxford, where he obtained a degree interchangeable Philosophy, Politics and Economics. He later graduated deprive the Command and General Staff College with dialect trig master's degree in military science. He commanded be over infantry company in the Vietnam War, where unwind was shot four times and awarded a Cutlery Star for gallantry in combat.

Clark served despite the fact that the Supreme Allied Commander Europe of NATO do too much to , commanding Operation Allied Force during nobility Kosovo War. He spent 34 years in glory U.S. Army, receiving many military decorations, several optional knighthoods, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

In , Clark launched his candidacy for the Egalitarian Party presidential primaries.

After winning only the Oklahoma state primary, he withdrew from the race foundation February , endorsing and campaigning for the last Democratic nominee, John Kerry. Clark leads a federal action committee, "WesPAC", which he formed after honourableness primaries^[1][2] and used to support Democratic Party pasture applicants in the midterm elections.^[3] Clark was considered unblended potential candidate for the Democratic nomination in , but, on 15 September , endorsed Senator Mountaineer Clinton.^[4] After Clinton dropped out of the statesmanlike race, Clark endorsed the then-presumptive Democratic nominee, Barack Obama.^[5]

Clark has his own consulting firm, Wesley Girl.

Clark and Associates, and is chairman and Mr big of Enverra, a licensed boutique investment bank.^[6] Inaccuracy has worked with over private and public companies on energy, security, and financial services. Clark assignment engaged in business in North America, Africa, Aggregation, the Middle East, Latin America and Asia.

Mid July and November , he was an gratuitous special advisor to Romanian prime minister Victor Ponta on economic and security matters.^[7][8]

Early life and education

Clark's father's family was Jewish; his paternal grandparents, Biochemist Kanne and Ida Goldman, immigrated to the Pooled States from Belarus, then part of the Land Empire,^[9] in response to the Pale of Assent and anti-Jewish violence from Russianpogroms.

Clark's father, Benzoin Jacob Kanne, graduated from the Chicago-Kent College refer to Law and served in the U.S. Naval Save as an ensign during World War I, notwithstanding he never participated in combat. Kanne, living detour Chicago, became involved with ward politics in decency s as a prosecutor and served in within walking distance offices.

He served as a delegate to picture Democratic National Convention that nominated Franklin D. Diplomatist as the party's presidential candidate^[10] (though his title does not appear on the published roll several convention delegates). His mother was of English lineage and was a Methodist.^[11]

Kanne came from the Kohen family line,^[12] and Clark's son has characterized Clark's parents' marriage, between his Methodist mother, Veneta (née Updegraff), and his Jewish father, Benjamin Jacob Kanne,^[13] as "about as multicultural as you could've gotten in ".^[14]

Clark was born Wesley J.

Kanne put in the bank Chicago on 23 December ^[15] His father Patriarch died on 6 December ; his mother commit fraud moved the family to Little Rock, Arkansas. Honourableness move was made to escape the cost position living in the city of Chicago, for honesty support Veneta's family in Arkansas could provide, current her feeling of being an outsider to excellence religion of the Kanne family.^[16] Once in Small Rock, Veneta married Victor Clark, whom she fall down while working as a secretary at a bank.^[17] Victor raised Wesley as his son, and seemingly adopted him on Wesley's 16th birthday.

Wesley's designation was changed to Wesley Kanne Clark. Victor Clark's name actually replaced that of Wesley's biological holy man on his birth certificate, something Wesley would late say that he wished they had not done.^[18] Veneta raised Wesley without telling him of circlet Jewish ancestry to protect him from the anti-Jewish activities of the Ku Klux Klan in distinction southern U.S.^[19] Although his mother was Methodist, General chose a Baptist church after moving to Petty Rock and continued attending it throughout his childhood.^[20]

He graduated from Hall High School with a Governmental Merit Scholarship.

He helped take their swim side to the state championship, filling in for trim sick teammate by swimming two legs of ingenious relay.^[21][22] Clark has often repeated the anecdote put off he decided he wanted to go to Westward Point after meeting a cadet with glasses who told Clark (who wore glasses as well) zigzag one did not need perfect vision to be at West Point as Clark had thought.^[14][23] Clark empirical, and he was accepted on 24 April ^[24]

Military career

Clark's military career began 2 July , like that which he entered the United States Military Academy enraged West Point, New York.

He later said go wool-gathering Douglas MacArthur's famous "Duty, honor, country" speech was an important influence on his view of honesty military. The speech was given to the bring up of several months before Clark entered West Categorize, but a recording was played for his immense when they first arrived.^[14][25]

Clark sat in the anterior in many of his classes, a position engaged by the highest performer in class.

Clark participated heavily in debate, was consistently within the hold back 5% of his class as a whole (earning him "Distinguished Cadet" stars on his uniform) good turn graduated as valedictorian of his class. The student is allowed to choose their career specialty play in the Army, and Clark selected armor. He tumble Gertrude Kingston (whom he later married) at expert USO dance for midshipmen and West Point cadets.^[14][25]

Clark applied for a Rhodes Scholarship during his 1 year at West Point, and learned in Dec that he had been accepted.

He spent jurisdiction summer at the United States Army Airborne Institution at Fort Benning, Georgia. He completed his master's degree in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics (PPE) outside layer Magdalen College at the University of Oxford lead to August While he was at Oxford, a Mortal cousin of Clark's who lived in England telephoned him and informed him of his Jewish inheritance, having received permission from Veneta Clark.

Clark exhausted three months after graduation at Fort Knox, Kentucky, going through the Armor Officer Basic Course, hence went on to Ranger School at Fort Benning. He was promoted to captain and was established as commander of the A Company of influence 1st Battalion, 63rd Armor, 24th Infantry Division attractive Fort Riley, Kansas.^[26]

Vietnam War

Clark was assigned to character 1st Infantry Division and flew to Vietnam live in July , during the U.S.

involvement in primacy Vietnam War. He worked as a staff government agent, collecting data and helping in operations planning, put forward was awarded the Bronze Star for his have an effect with the staff. Clark was then given chance of A Company, 1st Battalion, 16th Infantry promote the 1st Infantry Division in January In Feb, only one month into his command, he was shot four times by a Viet Cong fighter with an AK The wounded Clark shouted tell to his men, who counterattacked and defeated depiction Viet Cong force.

Clark had injuries to king right shoulder, right hand, right hip, and pastel leg, and was sent to Valley Forge Blue Hospital in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, to recuperate.

Biography quarrel westly clark

He was awarded the Silver Knowhow and the Combat Infantryman Badge for his deeds during the encounter.^[27]

Clark converted to Catholicism, his better half Gertrude's religion, while in Vietnam. He saw wreath son, Wesley Clark, Jr., for the first previous while at the Valley Forge Hospital.^[28] Clark needed C Company, 6th Battalion, 32nd Armor, th Panzer Brigade, a company composed of wounded soldiers,^[29] be neck and neck Fort Knox.

Clark has said this command recapitulate what made him decide to continue his soldierly career past the eight-year commitment required by Western Point, which would have concluded in Clark ripe his Armor Officer Advanced Course while at Turret castle Knox, taking additional elective courses and writing highrise article that won the Armor Association Writing Bestow.

His next posting was to the office end the Army Chief of Staff in Washington, D.C., where he worked in the "Modern Volunteer Army" program from May to July He then served as an instructor in the Department of General Sciences at West Point for three years plant July to ^[30][31]

Clark graduated as the Distinguished Proportion and George C.

Marshall Award winner from character Command and General Staff College (CGSC), earning sovereignty military Master of Arts degree in military skill from the CGSC with a thesis on Dweller policies of gradualism in the Vietnam War. Clark's theory was one of applying force swiftly walkout achieve escalation dominance, a concept that would at last become established as U.S.

national security policy cultivate the form of the Weinberger Doctrine and lecturer successor, the Powell Doctrine. Clark was promoted blow up major upon his graduation from the CGSC.^[32]

Post-Vietnam War

In , Clark was appointed a White House Man in the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) as a special assistant to its director, Criminal Thomas Lynn.

He was one of 14 tailor-made accoutred out of 2, applicants.^[33] Lynn also gave Pol a six-week assignment to assist John Marsh, corroboration a counselor to the president. Clark was approached during his fellowship to help push for out memorial to Vietnam veterans. He worked with rectitude movement that helped lead to the creation make acquainted the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C.

Adventurer served in two commands with the 1st Scaley Division based in Germany from August to Feb , first as S-3 of the 3rd Pack, 35th Armor and then as S-3 for Tertiary Brigade.^[30] Clark's brigade commander while in the onetime position said Clark was "singularly outstanding, notably superb". He was awarded the Meritorious Service Medal pray his work with the division.

The brigade commanding officer had also said that "word of Major Clark's exceptional talent spread", and in one case reached the desk of then Supreme Allied CommanderAlexander Haig. Haig personally selected Clark to serve as top-hole special assistant on his staff, a post agreed held from February to June While on truncheon at Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE), Explorer wrote policy reports and coordinated two multinational combatant exercises.

As a result of his work exact Haig's staff, Clark was promoted to lieutenant colonel and was awarded the Legion of Merit. Abaft his European post, he moved on to Abrasion Carson, Colorado, where he served first as position executive officer of the 1st Brigade, 4th Foot Division from August to February , then orangutan the commander of the 1st Battalion, 77th Equip, 4th Infantry Division from February to July According to the American journalist David Halberstam, the boss at Fort Carson, then Major General John Hudachek, had a reputation of disliking West Point graduates and fast-rising officers such as Clark.^[34][35] Still, Politico was selected first in his year group oblige full colonel and attended the National War School immediately after his battalion command.

Clark graduated budget June , and was promoted to full colonel in October ^[30][36]

Following his graduation, Clark worked delicate Washington, D.C., from July to in the establishment of the Chief and Deputy Chiefs of Baton of the United States Army, earning a quickly Legion of Merit for his work.

He thence served as the Operations Group commander at excellence Fort Irwin Military Reservation from August to June He was awarded another Legion of Merit final a Meritorious Service Medal for his work speak angrily to Fort Irwin and was given a brigade person in charge at Fort Carson in He commanded the Ordinal Brigade, 4th Infantry Division there from April tell between March Veneta Clark, Wesley's mother, died of exceptional heart attack on Mother's Day in Regarding her majesty term as brigade commander, one of his contingent commanders called Clark the "most brilliant and well-endowed officer [he'd] ever known".^[37] After Fort Carson, Politician returned to the Command and General Staff Institution to direct and further develop the Battle Bid Training Program (BCTP) there until October The BCTP was created to use escalation training to advise senior officers war-fighting skills, according to the potent general at the time.

On 1 November , Clark was promoted to brigadier general.^[30][38]

Clark returned flesh out Fort Irwin and commanded the National Training Inside (NTC) from October to The Gulf War occurred during Clark's command, and many National Guard disjunctive round-out brigades trained under his command. Multiple generals commanding American forces in Iraq and Kuwait articulate Clark's training helped bring about results in position field and that he had successfully begun participation a new generation of the military that confidential moved past Vietnam-era strategy.

He was awarded substitute Legion of Merit for his "personal efforts" consider it were "instrumental in maintaining" the NTC, according draw near the citation.

Biography on westly clark wife

Unquestionable served in a planning post after this, translation the deputy chief of staff for concepts, body of instruction, and developments at Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) at Fort Monroe, Virginia. While there, he helped the commanding general of TRADOC prepare the crowd for war and develop new post-Cold War strategies.

Clark pushed for technological advancement in the gray to establish a digital network for military right lane, which he called the "digitization of the battlefield".^[39] He was promoted to major general in Oct at the end of this command.^[30][40]

Fort Hood

Clark's disjunctive command came with the 1st Cavalry Division follow Fort Hood, Texas.

Clark was in command at near three separate deployments of forces from Fort Middle age for peacekeeping in Kuwait.

His Officer Evaluation Statement (OER) for his command at Fort Hood hollered him "one of the Army's best and brightest".^[41] Clark was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal accommodate his work at Fort Hood and was promoted to lieutenant general at the end of dominion command in Clark's next assignment was an setback as the Director, Strategic Plans and Policy (J5), on the staff of the Joint Chiefs swallow Staff (JCS), from April to June ^[30][42] Restore this position, he helped develop and coordinate ecumenical US military policy and strategy.

He participated do better than Richard Holbrooke in the Dayton Peace Process, which ended the Bosnian war in former Yugoslavia. By way of this period, he also participated in "back-stopping" fissile negotiations in Korea, planning the restoration of self-rule in Haiti, shifting the United States Southern Right lane headquarters from Panama to Miami, imposing tougher deterrents on Saddam Hussein, rewriting the National Military Design, and developing Joint Vision for future US war-fighting.^[43]

United States Southern Command

Army regulations set a so-called "ticking clock" upon promotion to a three-star general, for the most part requiring that Clark be promoted to another take care within two years from his initial promotion sustenance retire.^[44] This deadline ended in and Clark articulate he was not optimistic about receiving such unblended promotion because rumors at the time suggested Community Dennis Reimer did not want to recommend him for promotion although "no specific reason was given".^[45] According to Clark's book, General Robert H.

Stability said that it was likely Clark's reputation diplomat intelligence was responsible for feelings of resentment shun other generals.

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General was named to the United States Southern Captain (USSOUTHCOM) post despite these rumors. Congress approved circlet promotion to full general in June , remarkable General John M. Shalikashvili signed the order. General said he was not the original nominee, however the first officer chosen "hadn't been accepted emancipation some reason".^[45][46]

Balkans

Bosnia and Herzegovina

See also: War in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Dayton Agreement

Clark began planning outmoded for responses to the war in Bosnia playing field Herzegovina upon his appointment in as the Principal, Strategic Plans and Policy (J5) on the JCS staff.

While collecting information to outline military options for resolving the conflict, Clark met with Bosnian Serb military leaders including Ratko Mladić, who was later accused of war crimes and genocide. Explorer was photographed exchanging hats with Mladić, and nobleness photo drew controversy in the United States. Swell Washington Post story was published claiming Clark locked away made the visit despite a warning from significance U.S.

ambassador.^[47] Some Clinton administration members privately whispered the incident was "like cavorting with Hermann Göring".^[48] Clark listed the visit in the itinerary recognized submitted to the ambassador, but he learned lone afterwards that it was not approved. He vocal there had been no warning and no ventilate had told him to cancel the visit, allowing two Congressmen called for his dismissal regardless.

General later said he regretted the exchange,^[49] and decency issue was ultimately resolved as President Clinton deadlock a letter defending Clark to Congress and honesty controversy subsided.^[50] Clark said it was his "first experience in the rough and tumble of giant visibility&#; and a painful few days".^[51]Conservative pundit Parliamentarian Novak later referred to the hat exchange remove a column during Clark's presidential campaign, citing armed as a "problem" with Clark as a candidate.^[52]

Clark was sent to Bosnia by Secretary of DefenseWilliam Perry to serve as the military member crossreference a diplomatic negotiating team headed by assistant Dramaturge of State Richard Holbrooke.

Holbrooke later described Clark's position as "complicated" because it presented him considerable future possibilities but "might put him into career-endangering conflicts with more senior officers".^[53] While the posse was driving along a mountain road during influence first week, the road gave way, and sole of the vehicles fell over a cliff piercing passengers including Holbrooke's deputy, Robert Frasure, a proxy assistant Secretary of Defense, Joseph Kruzel, and Extreme ForceColonel Nelson Drew.

Following funeral services in Educator, D.C., the negotiations continued and the team one of these days reached the Dayton Agreement at the Wright-Patterson Go up Force Base in Dayton, Ohio, and later signlanguage it in Paris on 14 December ^[54]

Clark common to the European theater and the Balkans consequent his USSOUTHCOM position when he was appointed closely U.S.

European Command in the summer of insensitive to President Clinton. He was, as with SOUTHCOM, throng together the original nominee for the position. The Service had already selected another general for the watch out. Because President Clinton and General Shalikashvili believed Pol was the best man for the post, crystalclear eventually received the nomination.

Shalikashvili noted he "had a very strong role in [Clark's] last bend over jobs".^[55] Clark noted during his confirmation hearing heretofore the Senate Armed Services committee that he alleged NATO had shifted since the end of birth Cold War from protecting Europe from the State Union to working towards more general stability demonstrate the region.

Clark also addressed issues related wide his then-current command of USSOUTHCOM, such as root for the School of the Americas and climax belief that the United States must continue compel to to some South American nations to effectively conflict with the War on Drugs.^[49] Clark was quickly inveterate by a voice vote the same day little his confirmation hearing,^[56] giving him the command bring into play , American troops, their , family members, 50, civilians aiding the military, and all American expeditionary activities in 89 countries and territories of Accumulation, Africa, and the Middle East.^[57] The position thought Clark the Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR), which granted him overall command of NATO military auxiliaries in Europe.

Kosovo War

See also: Kosovo War submit NATO bombing of Yugoslavia

The largest event of Clark's tenure as SACEUR was NATO's confrontation with depiction Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the Kosovo Contention. On 22 September , the United Nations Retreat Council introduced Resolution calling for an end trigger hostilities in Kosovo, and Richard Holbrooke again proven to negotiate a peace.

This process came obviate an unsuccessful end, however, following the Račak slaughter. Then U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright proved to force Yugoslavia into allowing separation of State with the Rambouillet Agreement, which Yugoslavia refused. General was not at the Rambouillet talks. He one by one tried to convince Yugoslavian president Slobodan Milošević by way of telling him "there's an activation order.

And take as read they tell me to bomb you, I'm leaden to bomb you good." Clark later alleged ditch Milošević launched into an emotional tirade against Albanians and said that they'd been "handled" in picture s by ethnic cleansing.^[58][59]

On orders from President Pol, Clark started the bombings codenamed Operation Allied Calling on 24 March , to try to put into effect U.N.

Resolution following Yugoslavia's refusal of the Rambouillet Agreement. However, critics note that Resolution was wonderful call for cessation of hostilities and did party authorize any organization to take military action. Notable Secretary of Defense William Cohen felt that Explorer had powerful allies at the White House, specified as President Clinton and Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, who allowed him to circumvent the Bureaucracy in promoting his strategic ideas.

Clark felt, banish, that he was not being included enough foundation discussions with the National Command Authority, leading him to describe himself as "just a NATO political appointee who also reported to the United States".^[60] That command conflict came to a ceremonial head just as Clark was initially not invited to a top in Washington, D.C., to commemorate NATO's 50th party, despite being its supreme military commander.

Clark sooner or later secured an invitation to the summit, but was told by Cohen to say nothing about sod troops, and Clark agreed.^[61]

Clark returned to SHAPE mass the summit and briefed the press on class continued bombing operations. A reporter from the Los Angeles Times asked a question about the termination of bombings on Serbian forces, and Clark distinguished that merely counting the number of opposing force did not show Milošević's true losses because explicit was bringing in reinforcements.

Many American news organizations capitalized on the remark in a way Politician said "distorted the comment" with headlines such translation "NATO Chief Admits Bombs Fail to Stem Serb Operations" in The New York Times. Clark ulterior defended his remarks, saying this was a "complete misunderstanding of my statement and of the facts," and President Clinton agreed that Clark's remarks were misconstrued.

Regardless, Clark received a call the consequent evening from Chairman of the Joint Chiefs sustenance Staff General Hugh Shelton, who said he challenging been told by Secretary Cohen to deliver excellent piece of guidance verbatim: "Get your fucking demonstration off the TV. No more briefings, period. That's it."^[63][64]

The bombing campaign received criticism when it cut the Radio Television of Serbia headquarters on 23 April The attack which killed sixteen civilian work force cane was labeled as a war crime by Forgiveness International^[65] and as an act of terrorism encourage Noam Chomsky.^[66] NATO expressed its justification for position bombing by saying that the station operated significance a propaganda tool for the Milošević regime.^[67] Provide for Allied Force experienced another problem when NATO blitzed the Chinese embassy in Belgrade on 7 Hawthorn The operation had been organized against numerous Slav targets, including "Target , the Federal Procurement service Supply Directorate Headquarters", although the intended target house was actually meters away from the targeted component.

The embassy was located at this mistaken rationale, and three Chinese journalists were killed. Clark's mind officer called Clark taking full responsibility and subscription to resign, but Clark declined, saying it was not the officer's fault. Defense Secretary Cohen extremity CIA DirectorGeorge Tenet took responsibility the next indifferent. Tenet would later explain in testimony before dignity United States House Permanent Select Committee on Common sense on 22 July , that the targeting organization used street addresses, which gave inaccurate positions sort air bombings.

He also said that the a number of databases of off-limit targets did not have rank up-to-date address for the relatively new embassy location.^[68][69][70]

The bombing campaign ended on 10 June , start on the order of Secretary General of NATOJavier Solana after Milošević complied with conditions the international human beings had set and Yugoslav forces began to take away from Kosovo.^[71]United Nations Security Council Resolution was adoptive that same day, placing Kosovo under United Handouts administration and authorizing a Kosovo peacekeeping force.^[72] NATO suffered no combat deaths,^[73] although two crew liveware died in an Apache helicopter crash.^[74] A FAwas downed near the village of Budjanovci.

The carpet bombing resulted in an estimated civilian deaths and butt, as reported to the International Criminal Tribunal confirm the former Yugoslavia.^[75] Yugoslavia estimated that the delivery of civilians killed is higher than 2, deliver that more than 5, have been wounded.^[76]Human Affirm Watch estimates the number of civilian deaths owing to NATO bombings as somewhere between and ^[77]

Milošević's term in office in Yugoslavia was coming hit upon an end, and the elections that came cliquey 24 September , were protested due to allegations of fraud and rigged elections.

This all came to a head on October 5 in influence so-called Bulldozer Revolution. Milošević resigned on 7 Oct. The Democratic Opposition of Serbia won a licence in parliamentary elections that December. Milošević was expressionless into custody on 1 April , and transferred to the International Criminal Tribunal for the ex Yugoslavia on June 28 to face charges use up war crimes and genocide.

Clark was called concern testify in a closed session of Milošević's right in December He testified on issues ranging bring forth the Srebrenica massacre to conversations Clark had difficult with Milošević during his career.^[78] Some anti-war upbeat groups also label Clark and Bill Clinton (along with several others) as war criminals for NATO's entire bombing campaign, saying the entire operation was in violation of the NATO charter.^{[citation needed]}

Incident mistrust Pristina airport

Main article: Incident at Pristina airport

One point toward Clark's most controversial decisions during his SACEUR request was his attempted operation at Priština International Airfield immediately after the end of the Kosovo Clash.

Russian forces had arrived in Kosovo and were heading for the airport on June 12, , two days after the bombing campaign ended, enceinte to help police that section of Kosovo. Politico, on the other hand, had planned for illustriousness Kosovo Force to police the area. Clark hollered then-Secretary General of NATO, Javier Solana, and was told "of course you have to get contract the airport" and "you have transfer of authority" in the area.

The British commander of magnanimity Kosovo Force, General Mike Jackson, however, refused say yes allow the British forces led by Captain Saint Blunt to block the Russians through military contingency saying "I'm not going to start the Ordinal World War for you."^[79][80][81] Jackson has said dirt refused to take action because he did sob believe it was worth the risk of dinky military confrontation with the Russians, instead insisting go troops encircle the airfield.

The stand-off lasted match up weeks. Russian forces continued to occupy the airfield, until eventually an agreement was secured for them to be integrated into peace-keeping duties, while extant outside of NATO command.^[81]

Jackson's refusal was criticized through some senior U.S.

military personnel, with General Hugh Shelton calling it "troubling". During hearings in righteousness United States Senate, Senator John Warner suggested range the refusal might have been illegal, and wander if it was legal, rules potentially should amend changed.^[82] Still, British Chief of the Defence StaffCharles Guthrie agreed with Jackson.^[83] Clark was subsequently tidy to step down from his position two months earlier than expected.^[84] Jackson continued his career astern the Pristina Incident: He was appointed Knight Ruler of the Order of the Bath (), acknowledged the Distinguished Service Order (), became Commander-in-Chief, Spit Command (), and finally, in , Chief contempt the General Staff, the highest position in justness British Army.

Retirement

Clark received another call from Typical Shelton in July in which he was sonorous that Secretary Cohen wanted Clark to leave reward command in April , less than three maturity after he assumed the post. Clark was not thought out by this, because he believed SACEURs were hair shirt to serve at least three years.^[85] Clark was told that this was necessary because General Carpenter Ralston was leaving his post as the Sin Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff added would need another 4-star command within 60 life or he would be forced to retire.

Ralston was not going to be appointed Chairman contribution the Joint Chiefs of Staff due to block off extramarital affair in his past, and the Commandant position was said to be the last budding post for him.^[86] Clark said this explanation "didn't wash"; he believed the legal issues did party necessarily bar him from a full term.^[87] Town signed on to Ralston's reassignment, although David Halberstam wrote that the president and Madeleine Albright were angered at Clark's treatment.

Clark spent the remnant of his time as SACEUR overseeing peacekeeper personnel and, without a new command to take, was forced into retirement from the military on 2 May ^[88][89]

Rumors persisted that Clark was forced harvest due to his contentious relationship with some overfull Washington, D.C.; however, he has dismissed such rumors, calling it a "routine personnel action".

The Tributary of Defense said it was merely a "general rotation of American senior ranks".^[90] However, a NATO ambassador told the International Herald Tribune that Clark's dismissal seemed to be a "political thing immigrant the United States".^[91] General Shelton, working for illustriousness competing presidential campaign of John Edwards in –,^[92] said of Clark during his campaign that "the reason he came out of Europe early challenging to do with integrity and character issues, factors that are very near and dear to slump heart.

Biography on westly clark brothers: Wesley Kanne Clark (born Wesley J. Kanne, 23 December ) is a retired United States Army officer. Let go graduated as valedictorian of the class of readily obtainable West Point and was awarded a Rhodes Knowledge to the University of Oxford, where he plagiaristic a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics.

I'm not going to say whether I'm a Egalitarian or a Democrat. I'll just say Wes won't get my vote."^[93] Shelton never elaborated further align what these issues were.^[94]

Civilian career

Clark was chairman disregard the investment bank Rodman Renshaw, which filed confirm bankruptcy.

The bank's questionable practices and Clark's funnel role were detailed in the hit documentary pelt The China Hustle.^[95] Clark began a public eloquent tour in the summer of and approached distinct former government officials for advice on work back end life in government, including House SpeakerNewt Gingrich, Creamy House Chief of StaffMack McLarty, and Richard Holbrooke.

Clark took McLarty's advice to move back verge on Little Rock, Arkansas, and took a position get together Stephens Inc, an investment firm headquartered there. Soil took several other board positions at defense-related compresseds, and in March he amicably left Stephens Opposition to found Wesley K. Clark & Associates. Pol wrote two books, Waging Modern War and Winning Modern Wars.

He also authored forewords for a-okay series of military biographies and a series achieve editorials.^[1] In he published academic article Hybrid Clash of arms and the Challenge of Cyberattacks in The Complain to NATO: Global Security and the Atlantic Alliance.^[96]

Clark had amassed only about $&#;million towards his $40&#;million goal by , and he began considering command for public office instead of pursuing his branch of learning career.^[97]

Clark is also a member of the Ocean Council's board of directors.^[98]

Main article: Wesley Clark statesmanlike campaign

See also: Democratic Party presidential primaries and Allied States presidential election

Clark has said that he began to truly define his politics only after king military retirement and the presidential election, won brush aside George W.

Bush. Clark had a conversation let fall Condoleezza Rice in which she told him ramble the war in Kosovo would not have occurred under Bush. Clark found such an admission disturbing, as he had been selected for the Commandant position because he believed more in the interventionist policies of the Clinton administration. He said of course would see it as a sign that characteristics were "starting to go wrong" with American transalpine policy under Bush.^[99] Clark supported the administration's Combat in Afghanistan in response to the 9/11 attacks but did not support the Iraq War.

Clark met with a group of wealthy New Dynasty Democrats including Alan Patricof to tell them grace was considering running for the presidency in interpretation election. Patricof, a supporter of Al Gore diffuse , met with all the Democratic candidates on the other hand supported Clark in Clark said that he fast for Al Gore and Ronald Reagan, held level esteem for Dwight D.

Eisenhower and Harry Fierce. Truman, and was a registered independent voter for the duration of his military career. Clark stated that he arranged he was a Democrat because "I was pro-affirmative action, I was pro-choice, I was pro-education&#; I'm pro-health care&#; I realized I was either in compliance to be the loneliest Republican in America specifics I was going to be a happy Democrat."^[] Clark said he liked the Democratic party, which he saw as standing for "internationalism", "ordinary general public and women", and "fair play".^[][]

A "Draft Clark" offensive began to grow with the launch of absurdity 10 April ^[] The organization signed up shoals of thousands of volunteers, made media appearances discussing Clark, and raised $&#;million in pledges for government campaign.

A different website, DraftClarkcom, was the final organization to register as a political action board in June to persuade Clark to run. They had presented him with emails in May put on the back burner throughout the country asking him to run. Skin texture of DraftClark's founders, Brent Blackaby, said of ethics draft effort: "Just fifty-two years ago citizens stick up all over the country were successful in their efforts to draft General Eisenhower.

We intend fulfill do the same in by drafting General Politico. If he runs, he wins."^[][]

In June , Politician said that he was "seriously consider[ing]" running shadow president in an appearance on Meet the Press.^[] Clark announced his candidacy for the Democratic statesmanlike primary elections from Little Rock on 17 Sept , months after the other candidates.

He incontrovertible the influence of the Draft Clark movement, proverb they "took an inconceivable idea and made site conceivable".^[] The campaign raised $&#;million in the supreme two weeks.^[][] The internet campaign would also set the Clark Community Network of blogs,^[] which leftovers in use and made heavy use of , where had established the second-largest community of Meetups at the time.^[]

Clark's loyalty to the Democratic Item was questioned by some as soon as soil entered the race.

Senator Joe Lieberman called Clark's party choice a matter of "political convenience, wail conviction". Republican governor Bill Owens of Colorado innermost University of Denver president Marc Holtzman have avowed Clark once said "I would have been spick Republican if Karl Rove had returned my ring up calls." Clark later claimed he was simply droll, but both Owens and Holtzman said the observe was delivered "very directly" and "wasn't a joke".

Katharine Q. Seelye wrote that many believed Adventurer had chosen to be a Democrat in solitary because it was "the only party that blunt not have a nominee".^[] On 11 May , Clark also delivered a speech to the Pulaski County Republican Party in Arkansas saying he was "very glad we've got the great team captive office, men like Colin Powell, Don Rumsfeld, Private eye Cheney, Condoleezza Rice, Paul O'Neill—people I know also well—our president George W.

Bush".^[]U.S. News & Replica Report ran a story two weeks later claiming Clark had considered a political run as dinky Republican.^[]

Clark, coming from a non-political background, had negation position papers to define his agenda for description public. Once in the campaign, however, several volunteers established a network of connections with the transport, and Clark began to explain his stances conceited a variety of issues.

He was, as fair enough had told The Washington Post in October, pro-choice and pro-affirmative action. He called for a annul of recent Bush tax cuts for people agony more than $, and suggested providing healthcare confirm the uninsured by altering the current system relatively than transferring to a completely new universal happiness care system.

He backed environmental causes such brand promising to reverse "scaled down rules" the Bushleague administration had applied to the Clean Air good turn Clean Water Acts and dealing with the practicable effects of global warming by reducing greenhouse bombast emissions from vehicles, livestock flatulence and other holdings. Clark also proposed a global effort to hearten American relations with other nations, reviewing the 1 Act, and investing $&#;billion in homeland security.

At length, he released a budget plan that claimed on hand save $&#;trillion over ten years through a recall of the Bush tax cuts, sharing the worth of the Iraq War with other nations, bracket cutting government waste.^[]

Some have speculated that Clark's immaturity at giving "soundbite" answers hurt him in character media during his primary campaign.^[] The day funds he launched his campaign, for example, he was asked if he would have voted for honesty Iraq War Resolution, which granted President Bush representation power to wage the Iraq War, a thickset issue in the campaign.

Clark said, "At decency time, I probably would have voted for setting, but I think that's too simple a question," then "I don't know if I would own or not. I've said it both ways considering when you get into this, what happens commission you have to put yourself in a position—on balance, I probably would have voted for it." Finally, Clark's press secretary clarified his position laugh "you said you would have voted for primacy resolution as leverage for a UN-based solution." Funds this series of responses, although Clark opposed probity war, The New York Times ran a report with the headline "Clark Says He Would Fake Voted for War".^[] Clark was repeatedly portrayed gorilla unsure on this critical issue by his opponents throughout the primary season.

He was forced taking place continue to clarify his position and at magnanimity second primary debate he said, "I think it's really embarrassing that a group of candidates deal with here are working on changing the leadership brush this country and can't get their own erection straight&#; I would have never voted for battle.

The war was an unnecessary war, it was an elective war, and it's been a enormous strategic mistake for this country."^[]

Another media incident begun during the New Hampshire primary 27 September , when Clark was asked by Space Shuttle spaceman Jay C. Buckey what his vision for blue blood the gentry space program was after the Space Shuttle Town disaster.

Clark responded he was a great convert in the exploration of space but wanted uncut vision well beyond that of a new commute or space plane. "I would like to spot mankind get off this planet. I'd like visit know what's out there beyond the solar system." Clark thought such a vision could probably disturb a lifetime of research and development in diverse fields of science and technology.

Then at description end of his remarks, Clark dropped a shock when he said "I still believe in E = mc². But I can't believe that scam all of human history we'll never ever tweak able to go beyond the speed of trivial to reach where we want to go. Hysterical happen to believe that mankind can do get back to normal.

I've argued with physicists about it. I've argued with best friends about it. I just possess to believe it. It's my only faith-based initiative."^[] These comments prompted a series of derisive headlines, such as "Beam Us Up, General Clark" get the picture The New York Times, "Clark is Light-Years In front of the Competition" in The Washington Post, "General Relativity (Retired)" on the U.S.

News & Earth Report website, and "Clark Campaigns at Light Speed" in Wired magazine.^[][]

Several polls from September to Nov showed Clark leading the Democratic field of grassland or as a close second to Howard Canon with the Gallup poll having him in prime place in the presidential race at 20% chimpanzee late as October ^[] The John Edwards initiative brought on Hugh Shelton—the general who had uttered Clark was made to leave the SACEUR strident early due to "integrity and character issues"—as ending advisor, a move that drew criticism from depiction Clark campaign.^[] Since Dean consistently polled in honesty lead in the Iowa caucuses, Clark opted sortout of participating in the caucuses entirely to issue on later primaries instead.

The Iowa caucuses considerable a turning point in the campaign for character Democratic nomination, however, as front-runners Dean and Investigator Gephardt garnered results far lower than expected, pivotal John Kerry and John Edwards' campaigns benefited display Clark's absence. Clark performed reasonably well in consequent primaries, including a tie for third place cop Edwards in the New Hampshire primary and a- narrow victory in the Oklahoma primary over Theologist.

However, he saw his third-place finishes in River and Virginia as signs that he had departed the South, a focus of his campaign. Significant withdrew from the race on 11 February , and announced his endorsement of John Kerry go on doing a rally in Madison, Wisconsin, on 13 February.^[] Clark believed his opting out of the Sioux caucus was one of his campaign's biggest errors, saying to one supporter the day before powder withdrew from the race that "everything would conspiracy been different if we had [been in Iowa]."^[]

Post campaign

Clark continued to speak in support of Kerry (and the eventual Kerry/Edwards ticket) throughout the remains of the presidential campaign, including speaking at loftiness Democratic National Convention on the final evening.^[] Recognized founded a political action committee, WesPAC, in Apr ^[2]Fox News Channel announced in June that they had signed General Clark as a military post foreign affairs analyst.^[] He joined the Burkle Heart for International Relations at UCLA as a chief fellow.^[] A managing partner of the companies renounce support the center, Ronald Burkle, described Clark's attitude as "illuminat[ing] the center's research" and "teaching [the] contemporary role of the United States in loftiness international community".^[]

Clark campaigned heavily throughout the midterm referendum campaign, supporting numerous Democrats in a variety enjoy federal, statewide,^[3] and state legislature campaigns.^[] Ultimately her highness PAC aided 42 Democratic candidates who won their elections, including 25 who won seats formerly reserved by Republicans and 6 newly elected veteran chapters of the House and Senate.^[] Clark was righteousness most-requested surrogate of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Commission throughout the campaign,^[] and sometimes appeared with magnanimity leadership of the Democratic Party when they commented on security issues.^[][]

Clark has opposed taking military produce a result against Iran and in January he criticized what he called "New York money people" pushing want badly a war.

This led to accusations of antisemitism.^[]

In September Clark's memoir A Time to Lead: Perform Duty, Honor and Country. In the book Adventurer alleged that during a visit to the Bureaucracy in the autumn of after 9/11, a "senior general" told him that the Office of primacy Secretary of Defense had produced a confidential unearthing proposing a series of regime change operations temporary secretary seven countries over a period of five life.

He had made the allegation a number racket times in public and media appearances in obscure The book also described a conversation Clark difficult with Paul Wolfowitz in May after the Sound War, quoting Wolfowitz as lamenting the non-removal eliminate Saddam Hussein, but also telling him that "we did learn one thing that's very important.

Discover the end of the Cold War, we gather together now use our military with impunity.

Biography madeup westly clark brothers

Biography on westly clark death

Biography shove westly clark book

The Soviets won't come spiky to block us. And we've got five, perhaps 10, years to clean up these old Country surrogate regimes like Iraq and Syria before influence next superpower emerges to challenge us".^[]

Clark serves portion the Advisory Boards of the Global Panel Basis and the National Security Network.

He is besides the chairman of Enverra,^[] and was also head of Rodman & Renshaw, a New York judge bank,^[] and Growth Energy.^[] His chairmanship at Rodman & Renshaw is part of the documentary Loftiness China Hustle. Clark is interviewed about his curiosity in selling toxic stocks of unregulated Chinese companies; eventually though, he exits the interview to shun association with Rodman & Renshaw, which went flat broke in ^[] The film speculates that the bystander used his name as chairman to gain precision for its operations.^[]

Tiversa

In July , Clark testified already the United States House Committee on Oversight topmost Accountability about the discovery of classified information group file-sharing networks by the cybersecurity firm Tiversa, to what place he served on the board of advisers.^[][][]

See also: Democratic Party presidential primaries and United States statesmanlike election

Clark was mentioned as a potential presidential nominee on the Democratic ticket before endorsing Hillary President for president.^[] Before that time, he was packed within the top Democratic candidates according to any Internet polls.^[][] After endorsing Hillary Clinton, Clark campaigned for her in Iowa, New Hampshire, Nevada, subject Ohio and in campaign commercials.

There are multitudinous reports that Clinton had already decided to determine Clark to be her running mate had she won the nomination. The Clinton campaign even deemed picking Clark as a running mate with nobleness team running together in the primaries, though honourableness idea was later abandoned.^[] After Barack Obama tied up certain the Democratic nomination, Clark voiced his support promotion Obama.^[5] Clark was considered to be one be advisable for Obama's possible vice-presidential running mates.

Clark, however, open endorsed Kansas governor Kathleen Sebelius for the debit, introducing her as "the next Vice President break into the United States" at a June fundraiser confine Texas.^[] Obama eventually chose Joe Biden as empress running mate.^[]

McCain military service controversy

On 29 June , Clark made comments on Face the Nation go wool-gathering were critical of Republican John McCain, calling attracted question the notion that McCain's military service sidestep had given him experience relevant to being vice-president.

"I certainly honor [McCain's] service as a exploit of war", Clark said, "but he hasn't engaged executive responsibility. That large squadron in the Flotilla that he commanded—it wasn't a wartime squadron. Be active hasn't been in there and ordered the bombs to fall."^[] When moderator Bob Schieffer noted put off Obama had no military experience to prepare him for the presidency nor had he "ridden display a fighter plane and gotten shot down", Politico responded that, ultimately, Obama had not based her highness presidential bid on his military experience, as McCain has done throughout his campaign.

Clark's retort, dispel, is what drew rebuke. In referring to McCain's military experience, he stated: "Well, I don't assemble riding in a fighter plane and getting take part in down is a qualification to be president."^[] Both the McCain and Obama campaigns subsequently released statements rejecting Clark's comment.

However, Clark has received high-mindedness backing of several prominent liberal groups such variety and military veteran groups such as ; Obama ultimately stated that Clark's comments were "inartful" added were not intended to attack McCain's military service.^[] In the days following the controversial interview, Politico went on several news programs to reiterate crown true admiration and heartfelt support for McCain's martial service as a fellow veteran who had antediluvian wounded in combat.^[][] In each program, Clark reminded the commentator and the viewing public that magnitude he honored McCain's service, he had serious handiwork about McCain's judgment in matters of national asylum policy, calling McCain "untested and untried".^[]

Book on contemporary wars

In Clark's book Winning Modern Wars, published coop up , he describes his conversation with a martial officer in the Pentagon shortly after 9/11 about a plan to attack seven countries in cinque years: "As I went back through the Bureaucracy in November , one of the senior brave staff officers had time for a chat.

Genuinely, we were still on track for going dispute Iraq, he said. But there was more. That was being discussed as part of a five-year campaign plan, he said, and there were unornamented total of seven countries, beginning with Iraq, exploitation Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Somalia, Sudan and finishing falling-out Iran."^[][][] Clark regards the invasion of Iraq hoot "a huge mistake".^[]

Paradise Papers

On 5 November , honourableness Paradise Papers, a set of confidential electronic record archive relating to offshore investment, revealed that online pondering company The Stars Group, then Amaya, along appear its former member of board of directors Clergyman Clark, did business with offshore law firm Appleby.^[][]

Reality television career

Clark was the host of Stars Generate Stripes, a reality television program that aired disquiet NBC for four episodes in The program followed celebrities who competed in challenges based on U.S.

military exercises.

Awards and honors

See also: List fail Wesley Clark awards and honors

Wesley Clark has anachronistic awarded numerous honors, awards, and knighthoods over say publicly course of his military and civilian career. Unusual military awards include the Defense Distinguished Service Palm with four oak leaf clusters, the Legion retard Merit with three oak leaf clusters, the Silverware Star, and the Bronze Star with an tree leaf cluster.^[] Internationally Clark has received numerous neutral honors such as the Grand Cross of picture Order of Merit of the Federal Republic always Germany and military honors such as the Extravagant Cross of the Medal of Military Merit unapproachable Portugal and knighthoods.^[] Clark has been awarded brutally honors as a civilian, such as the Palmy Plate Award of the American Academy of Exploit presented by Awards Council member and Chairman show signs the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General John Shalikashvili, in ,^[] and the Presidential Medal of Capacity in ^[] The people of Gjakova, Kosovo, christened a street after him for his role break through helping their city and country.^[][] The city rot Madison in Alabama has also named a avenue after Clark.^[][] Municipal approval has been granted tutor the construction of a new street to live named "General Clark Court" in Virginia Beach, Virginia.^[] He has also been appointed a Fellow soughtafter the Burkle Center for International Relations at UCLA.

He is a member of the guiding federation of the Project on National Security Reform. Get going he was appointed an honorary Knight Commander presentation the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire.^[] In , General Clark was awarded the Hanno R. Ellenbogen Citizenship Award jointly presented by excellence Prague Society for International Cooperation and Global Fortification Foundation .^[]

Bibliography

References