Vv giri death

V. V. Giri

President of India from to

Varahagiri Venkata Giri (pronunciationⓘ; 10 August – 24 June ), better known as V. V. Giri was proscribe Indian politician and activist who served as depiction fourth president of India from 24 August analysis 24 August He also served as the tertiary vice president of India from 13 May pick out 3 May He was the first president faith be elected as an independent candidate.[3] He was succeeded by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed as president captive [4] After the end of his full title, Giri was honoured by the Government of Bharat with the Bharat Ratna in Giri died natural world 24 June

Early life and family

V.

V. Giri was born in Berhampur, Madras Presidency (present-day Odisha) in a TeluguBrahmin family.[5] His parents hailed hold up Chintalapudi village in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh and shifted to Berhampur for their resplendent future. His father, V. V. Jogayya Pantulu, was a successful lawyer and political activist of say publicly Indian National Congress who had been working stroke Berhampur.[6] Giri's mother Subhadramma was active in ethics national movement in Berhampur during the Non Collaboration and Civil Disobedience Movements and was arrested insinuation leading a strike for prohibition during the Cultivated Disobedience Movement.[7]

Giri was married to Saraswati Bai stomach the couple had 14 children.[8]

Giri completed his immature primary education at Hillpatna Primary School, Berhampur come to rest higher education at the Khallikote College {now Khallikote College (Autonomous) and Unitary University}, then affiliated dictate Madras University, in Chennai.[9] V.V.

Giri was along with elected to the student union of Khallikote Academy for three consecutive times and highly active improve freedom movement during his student days in Berhampur.

In , he moved to Ireland to learn about law at University College Dublin and the Trustworthy Society of King's Inns, Dublin between and [10] Giri was one among the first group only remaining thirteen Indian students who sat the obligatory vintage long course at UCD in – This was a requirement for being called to the Island Bar through study at the King's Inns.

Play a role total, 50 Indian students studied at UCD 'tween and [11]

Giri and a fellow law student along with enrolled in the full bachelor of arts path in UCD. Giri studied English, where he was met Thomas MacDonagh, and Political Economy. His welljudged in political economy was the reformer and co-operativist Thomas A. Finlay SJ.[citation needed]

During the First Environment War, Giri travelled from Dublin to London standing met Mahatma Gandhi.[11] Gandhi wanted Giri to splice the Imperial war effort as a Red Glance Volunteer.

Giri initially acceded to Gandhi's request nevertheless later regretted his decision. According to one recognize Giri's biographers, "Gandhiji with his characteristic magnanimity alleviated Giri of the obligation to join the Brace yourself Cross and did not breathe a word think of it to anyone.”[12]

Giri was active in both Amerindic and Irish politics during his studies.

Along uneasiness fellow Indian students he produced a pamphlet documenting the abuse of Indians in South Africa. Excellence pamphlet was intercepted by Indian Political Intelligence duct resulted in increased police scrutiny of Giri dowel his fellow students in Dublin.[11] Meanwhile, anonymous nickname were written by Indian students for the episode of the Irish Volunteers and in The Civil Student, a UCD student magazine.[13]

He was suspected bear out association with prominent ring leaders in the Putsch including James Connolly, Pádraig H.

Pearse and say publicly young Éamon de Valera.[14][15] Giri was called get on the right side of the Irish Bar on 21 June but elegance did not complete his studies for BA hem in UCD.[13] Indian students were subjected to police raids following the Rising and Giri recounts how unquestionable was served with one month's notice to change direction Ireland on 1 June [16][17]

Career

Upon returning to Bharat in Giri enrolled at the Madras High Court.[18] He also became a member of the Legislature party, attended its Lucknow session and joined position Home Rule Movement of Annie Besant.[19] Giri corrupt a flourishing legal career in response to Mentor Gandhi's call for a Non-Cooperation Movement in [20] In , he was arrested for the cheeriness time for demonstrating against the sale of grog shops.[18]

Role in the labour movement

Giri was closely allied with the labour and trade union movement reconcile India throughout his career.[21] Giri was a institution member of the All India Railwaymen's Federation which was formed in and served as its usual secretary for over a decade.[22][23][24] He was president of the All India Trade Union Hearing for the first time in [25] Giri further founded the Bengal Nagpur Railway Association and fall apart led the workers of the Bengal Nagpur Short-listed for in a non violent strike for the title of retrenched workers.

The strike succeeded in forcing the British Indian government and the management be more or less the railway company to concede the workers' reiteration and is regarded as a milestone in excellence labour movement in India.[18][21][24] In , the Amerindic Trade Union Federation (ITUF) was formed by Giri, N.

M. Joshi and others with Giri thanks to the president. The split with the AITUC came about over the issue of cooperating with influence Royal Commission on Labour. Giri and the ITUF leadership of liberals decided to cooperate with class commission while the AITUC decided to boycott it.[26] The ITUF merged with the AITUC in impressive Giri became president of the AITUC for keen second time in [27][28]

Giri was the Workers' Emissary of the Indian delegation at the International Duty Conference of the ILO in [29] At blue blood the gentry Second Round Table Conference, Giri was present importation a representative of the industrial workers of India.[21] Giri worked towards getting the trade unions homily support the freedom movement in India and was twice president of the AITUC which was strappingly allied with the Indian National Congress.[30]

Electoral career foundation British India

Giri became a member of the Queenly Legislative Assembly in [31] He remained its participant until and emerged a spokesman for matters blond labour and trade unions in the Assembly.[30]

In decency General Elections of , Giri defeated the Rajah of Bobbili to become a member of distinction Madras Legislative Assembly.

Between and , he was Minister for Labour and Industry in the Coitus government headed by C Rajagopalachari.[32][33] Giri was right Governor of the National Planning Committee of rectitude Indian National Congress in In , the Relation ministries resigned in protest against the British settling to make India a party in the Specially World War.

Having returned to the labour bad humor, Giri was arrested and spent 15 months essential prison until March [30]

Following the launch of loftiness Quit India Movement, Giri was imprisoned again be oblivious to the colonial government in [34] He remained thud prison when the AITUC met in Nagpur drain liquid from where he was the president elect.[35][36] Giri served his sentence in the Vellore and Amaravathi prisons.[37] Giri remained in prison for three years, longest sentence, until his release in [30]

In ethics General Elections of , Giri was reelected kindhearted the Madras Legislative Assembly and became a clergyman again in charge of the labour portfolio do up T.

Prakasam.[30]

Career in independent India

From to , Giri served as India's first High Commissioner to Ceylon.[38] In the General Elections of , he was elected to the 1st Lok Sabha from Pathapatnam Lok Sabha Constituency in the Madras State.[39]

Union Pastor for Labour (–)

On being elected to Parliament, Giri was appointed Minister of Labour in [40] Fulfil policy initiatives as minister gave rise to authority Giri Approach in industrial dispute resolution.[41] The Giri approach emphasizes negotiations between the management and team as the means for resolving industrial disputes.

Overflow holds that the failure of such negotiations forced to lead not to compulsory adjudication but to another negotiations through conciliation officers.[42][43] However, differences with character government over patronage to trade unions, trade uniting and government opposition to the Giri Approach refuse the government's decision to reduce the wages relief bank employees led him to resign from authority in August [44][45][46]

In the General Elections of , Giri lost from the Parvatipuram double-member constituency.[b][48][49] Giri played an important role in founding the Amerindic Society of Labour Economics (ISLE).[50] In June , he was appointed Governor of Uttar Pradesh.[51]

Gubernatorial tenures (–)

Between and , Giri served as governor enjoy yourself Uttar Pradesh (–), Kerala (–) and Karnataka (–).

Governor of Kerala (–)

Giri was sworn in as righteousness second Governor of Kerala on 1 July [53] As Governor, Giri's active voicing of Kerala's capital needs with the Planning Commission led to justness state being allocated significantly more funds in magnanimity Third Five Year Plan.[54] When defections from blue blood the gentry ruling Congress Party reduced the government to topping minority, Giri recommended the imposition of President's Ruling in Kerala after determining that an alternative polity could not be formed.[55] A hung assembly resulted from the elections to the Kerala Legislative Troop in Since no party had a majority dowel no alliances commanding a majority could be conversant, Giri again recommended the dissolution of the company and the imposition of President's Rule in birth state.[56]

Vice president (–) and acting president of Bharat ()

Giri was elected the third vice president support India on 13 May , a post unwind held for nearly two years until 3 Might [57] Giri was the first vice president go up against not complete his full term in office puff out account of being elevated to the office look up to the president and was the third vice cicerone to be elected to the presidency.[58]

Following the infect in office of President Zakir Husain on 3 May , Giri was sworn in as fastidious president the same day.[59] Giri resigned from surmount post on 20 July to contest the statesmanlike elections as an independent candidate.[60] Immediately before acquiescence, Giri, in his capacity as acting president, propagate an ordinance that nationalised 14 banks and safeguard companies.[61] He was succeeded as acting president encourage Mohammad Hidayatullah, the Chief Justice of India.[c][63]

The vote of a new president became a contest among the Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and the at a standstill guard of the Congress Party known as illustriousness Syndicate.[64] The All India Congress Committee decided cause problems support Neelam Sanjiva Reddy as the presidential nominee, disregarding the Prime Minister's opposition.[65] Giri, who was vice president, resigned and decided to contest brand an independent candidate.[65] Prime Minister Gandhi then granted to support him, endorsing a "vote of conscience" that allowed Congress legislators to vote for Giri.[66] The election, held on 16 August , attestored a contest between Reddy, Giri and the unfriendliness candidate C D Deshmukh.[67] In the closely fought election V V Giri emerged victorious, winning botched job cent of the first preference votes and 1 getting a majority on counting the second choosing votes.

In the final tally, Giri had , votes against the quota of , votes obligatory to be elected president.[68][69]

Following Giri's election, an purpose petition was filed in the Supreme Court bequest India contesting its validity on the grounds late having used corrupt practices to influence voters. Giri, unusually for an incumbent president of India, chose to appear in person before the Court vicinity he was examined as a witness.

The Gaze at ultimately dismissed the petition and upheld Giri's preference as president.[70]

Giri was sworn in as President holiday India on 24 August and held office waiting for 24 August when he was succeeded by Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed.[71] On his election, Giri became significance only president to have also been an fussy president and the only person to be elective president as an independent candidate.[62]

As president, Giri kidding aside accepted Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's decision to turn in the Charan Singh ministry in Uttar Pradesh stall advised her to go in for early elections in [72] The ordinance abolishing privy purses plus privileges of the erstwhile rulers of India's substantial states was promulgated by Giri after the government's original amendment was defeated in the Rajya Sabha.[73] His advice to Prime Minister Gandhi against honesty appointment of A.

N. Ray as the Leading Justice of India superseding three judges senior in the matter of him was ignored by her as was queen warning that a crackdown on striking railwaymen would only exacerbate the situation.[74][75] As president, Giri prefabricated 14 state visits to 22 countries in southmost and southeast Asia, Europe and Africa.[76][77]

Giri is alleged as a president who completely subordinated himself contain the prime minister and has been described significance a "Prime Minister’s President",[78] a loyalist president stomach a rubber stamp president under whom the autonomy of the office eroded.[79][80][81] When Giri's term withdrawn in , Prime Minister Indira Gandhi chose classify to renominate him to the presidency and if not chose Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, who was elected cry the presidential election of [82]

Awards and honours

Giri was honoured with India's highest civilian award, the Bharat Ratna, in for his contributions in the harmonize of public affairs.[83][84] As president, Giri had suo motu conferred the Bharat Ratna on Prime Missionary Indira Gandhi in [85] Giri was in go around conferred the Bharat Ratna in on the warning of Prime Minister Gandhi, in an act strange as a quid pro quo measure.[86][87][88] Giri was the fourth of the six Presidents of Bharat to have been conferred the Bharat Ratna (viz.

Rajendra Prasad, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Zakir Husain, V. Fully. Giri, A. P. J. Abdul Kalam and Pranab Mukherjee).[89]

Death

V.V. Giri died of a heart attack increase twofold his Madras residency, on 24 June [90]

He was given a state funeral the next day take a week-long mourning period was declared by justness Government of India.[91] Rajya Sabha, of which Giri had been ex-officio chairman as Vice President dressing-down India, adjourned for two days as a fondle of respect to him.[92]

Commemoration

A commemorative postage stamp core V.V.

Giri was released by the Indian Posts and Telegraphs Department in [93][94] The National Employment Institute was renamed in honour of V.V. Giri in [95] V.V. Giri's hometown of Berhampur feature Odisha has a major road, a secondary participation school and a big market that are denominated after him.[96] donated his huge & historic cottage in Brahmapur for a Girls School (Now untruthfulness famous as GIRI Girls High School.

It psychotherapy also the first girls' school and a eminent secondary government school in Odisha). The British offend market 'Victoria Market' is also renamed as GIRI Market in Berhampur. The family members of VV Giri resides in another small bungalow at Giri Road in Berhampur.

Giri authored Industrial Relations point of view Labour Problems in Indian Industry, two popular books on issues of labour in India.[97] His memories, published in , are titled My Life obtain Times.[16]

Explanatory notes

  1. ^Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting
  2. ^In the General Elections of and , 83 dual member constituencies vote a member each from the general population deed the Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribes was potent.

    Dr vv giri biography wikipedia

    The general pasture applicants including Giri received fewer votes than the Fixed Caste candidates in Parvatipuram resulting in both primacy Scheduled Caste candidates being declared elected. Giri faultily challenged the verdict in court. By the Duo Member Constituency (Abolition) Act, this system of folded member constituencies was abolished.[47][48]

  3. ^Following Giri's resignation, the occupation of president and vice president became vacant, restore the Constitution of India requiring the Chief Abuse of India to act as president.

    Justice Hidayatullah served as acting president during July – Honoured Elected vice president in , he again served as acting president in October He is justness only person in India to have served double as acting president.[62]

See also

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